Realist evaluation methodology aims to understand social programmes by revealing what works, for whom, in what circumstances, and how and why.Realist evaluation starts with generating initial programme theories (IPTs), which are subsequently tested and refined systematically using a multi-methods approach.This article describes a case study of the
In this paper, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique is used to optimally allocate phasor measurement units (PMUs) within standard test systems and a real-world power system.PMUs are allocated at system substations in a manner that ensures complete system observability while minimizing installation cubs foam finger costs.This study consid
Social computing systems (SCS) integrate social behaviour with computational hardware to enable conversations among technologies and individuals.To protect the integrity of behavioural integration from illegal device communications, it is essential to ensure that security is maintained inside SCS.This study aims to provide a Coherent Authorization
We introduce a Schelling cubs foam finger model in which people are modelled as agents following simple behavioural rules which dictate their tolerance to others, their corresponding preference for particular locations, and in turn their movement through a geographic or social space.Our innovation over previous work is to allow agents to adapt thei